Ceramic Circuit Boards: The Characteristics
Due to their excellent thermal conductivity and low coefficient of thermal expansion, ceramic printed circuit boards are preferably used in the high-performance sector. In addition, the material ceramic is characterized by its excellent chemical errosion resistande and mechanical hardness.
Especially because of their extremly hardness, the materials are barely machinable with the help of mechanical cutting processes such as milling or sawing.
Application of Ceramic Circuit Boards
Ceramic printed circuit boards are used in a variety of different applications that have increased demands on robustness and reliability of the boards. These include, for example:
- Automotive industry: e.g. sensor/radar modules, ESC/ABS and EMS
- Medical technology: e.g. MEMS (Micro-Electronical-Mechanical Systems)
- Telecommunication: e.g. RF modules
- Aerospace: e.g. shockproof circuits
- Further: e.g. camera modules
Comparison of Ceramics to Further Circuit Board Materials
Benefits of Ceramic PCBs
Ceramic printed circuit boards have an excellent thermal behavior and are particularly suitable for use under extreme temperature conditions. This includes resistance to extremely high and low temperatures as well as significant temperature variatons.
In addition to their resistance to extreme temperature conditions, ceramic circuit boards are also characterized by their robustness to harsh chemical environments. Furthermore, they are much less sensitive to damage from shock and vibration.
Ceramic PCBs are composed of a multitude of layers. This results in a special suitability for the desin of multi-layer printed circuit boards. In this way passive elements can be integrated inside the circuit board.
Laser Cutting of Ceramic PCBs
In contrast to conventional mechanical cutting processes of PCBs, laser depaneling allows ceramic materials to be processed easily and wear-free. The problem of extremely hih hardness is not a problem with non-contact ablation process of the laser.
Ceramics made of aluminium oxide (see picture) can be cut technically clean at high speed even in material thicknesses of several hundred micrometers. Low (LTCC) and high (HTCC) fired ceramics can be both processed.
The laser also cuts different layouts of ceramic printed circuit boards - such as those with copper layers applied on one or both sides - technically clean and highly efficient.
The individual requirements of the different ceramic materials can be taken into account in the parameter selection of the laser processing. In this way, highly sensitive materials can be processed gently and ceramic breakage can be avoided.
Advantages of Laser Processing
Comparison to Further Separation Methods
LPKF's laser depaneling systems enable the customer to separate ceramic printed circuit boards from the panel in a technically clean way. In particular, the specially developed CleanCut function and the optional additive exhausting head ensure maximum cleanliness of the cut edges.
Due to the contactless processing of the material, the laser is a completely wear-free tool. This is a major advantage, especially with regard to the above-average hardness of ceramic materials, since wearing parts such as milling heads or saw blades do not occur with the laser system. On the one hand, this directly saves costs for the components to be replaced and on the other hand, it indirectly saves costs due to avoidable downtimes of the machine.
Another advantage of the laser's non-contact processing principle is the stress-free cutting of the substrates. In contrast to mechanical separation process such as milling, sawing or punching, no mechnical stress is induced into the material. Possible damage to mounted components is thus avoided.
